Interrelação diabetes mellitus e saúde bucal: construindo um protocolo de atendimento

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) encompasses a group of metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia (significant increase of blood glucose concentration). These disorders may include reduction in insulin secretion, reduction of utilization and increased glucose production. The diabetes patient presents many physiological changes that decrease the immune capability and inflammatory response, increasing the susceptibility to infections. There are innumerable oral alterations among the systemic diseases that may be present in these patients. The purpose of this review is to clarify the main correlations between Diabetes Mellitus and these demonstrations, showing the actions to be taken by the Oral Health Action Team (OHAT). This study has also the purpose of constructing a protocol of dental health care for DM patients in Primary Health Care (PHC). The study was based on a narrative literature review in which data was collected from books, chapters in books, scientific journals, newspapers, printed papers, database Google Scholar and scientific articles found through electronic consultation material published in the last ten years. The results demonstrate the benefits of using health care protocols in the qualification of labor process. The effectiveness of a protocol may greatly contribute to increase completeness and solvability of assistance to users. This tool helps the organization that meets with the principles of the Unified Health System (UHS). Proper management of DM reduces the adverse effects caused by complications, also reduces sequels and hospitalizations. Thus, it is up to the dentist and staff to better understand this pathology, its oral and systemic manifestations, acting preventively, and quell outbreaks of infection that contribute to decompensation of the diabetes patient, preventing impairment of their general health.