Contribuição da epidemiologia no planejamento de serviços de saúde bucal: o caso da UBS Saúde Esperança, Cruzília, MG

Abstract

Oral diseases are still qualified as a major public health problem in Brazil, and decay, a multifactorial and infectious disease shows a high incidence and prevalence. Oral health was included in Family Health Strategy in 2000 and it aimed to change the dental services provided, focusing in the promotion and prevention with the help of tools such as epidemiology. The purpose of this study was to conduct a descriptive study, based on the DMFT index from secondary data produced by the oral health team of UBS Saúde Esperança, located in Cruzília, MG, from March 2010 to March 2011 and correlate the variables adopted in this study: gender, age, decayed, missing and filled. The sample consisted of 357 records. Data were analyzed in statistical software SPSS 17.0. Pearson correlation method was used, assuming significance level of p <0.05. The sample corresponded to 2.34% of users in the municipality and 10.15% of registered users at UBS Saúde Esperança; 59.7% were female and 40.3% were male. The sample included users aged between 06 to 90 years, concentrating mainly in the age groups between 11- 15 years. Results showed that 1,814 teeth were decayed, 1854 missing, 1502 filled and 2.5% of users had lost all teeth. The mean DMFT of the study population during the period was 14.98. The correlation analysis between the variables gender and PCO, were statistically stronger for males, with a p = 0.001 for decayed teeth and a p = 0.033 for missing teeth. Edentation appears evident in the elderly population and tooth loss worsens in adult and young adult population. There is a clear need for a reorganization of primary oral health in the municipality of Cruzília. The epidemiology and conducting more comprehensive epidemiological surveys and periodicals are necessary for proposing preventive and educational programs.