Mortalidade infantil em Belo Horizonte: a aplicabilidade da lista de causas de mortes evitáveis por intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil

Abstract

Infant mortality is a very common event even in developing countries and represents a major public health problem, being an early event and largely preventable. The analysis of causespecific mortality may reflect relevant inequalities between people, regions and countries. This is a retrospective descriptive study of the kind, in order to analyze the deaths of children under one year old residents of Belo Horizonte in the period 2006 to 2008, according to avoidable. Were used as a data source, the banks of the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health (SIM / MS) and the Information System on Live Births (SINASC). The underlying causes of death, contained in death certificates (DO) were coded according to the 10th revision of International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD 10) and were grouped according to avoidable diseases, proposed in the update List of Causes of Preventable Deaths by Intervention SUS 2010. We calculated mortality rates and proportional mortality by component and by main groups of causes. In Belo Horizonte, in the period studied there was a 8.64% decrease in infant mortality. Both the neonatal and late postneonatal mortality showed variation diminishing, but the post-neonatal period showed a higher decrease, about 22.60%. Since the early neonatal component showed a small increase of 5.77%. The causes of preventable ill-defined and showed decreasing trends, with changes of 9.47% and 16.88% respectively. Infant mortality collapsible stock with early diagnosis and treatment declined 37.61%, adequate attention to the fetus and newborn, 19.13% and appropriate care for women during pregnancy and childbirth rose 12.60% and 4.05% , respectively. The deaths related to prematurity, low birth weight, respiratory problems and infections specific to the perinatal period stood out with 37.8% of deaths in the period. The use in this study, the update of the List of Causes of Deaths Preventable by Interventions of SUS, which identified the most deaths are preventable, and assess the causes in which there was a greater reduction in mortality. It can also identify the need for improvement in care, especially at times of pregnancy, during labor and delivery.