Utilização do cateter de Swan Ganz,complicações causas, sinais e sintomas e os cuidados de enfermagem

Abstract

The Swan-Ganz catheterization is an invasive form of monitoring. Their use depends on clinical indication and it is a monitoring tool and not diagnostic regimen used in critically ill patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The nursing staff is very helpful in this process of monitoring, since it is responsible for the preparation of the material of the patient, through continued monitoring and preventing complications through constant observation of the client. The use of catheterization with Swan-Ganz catheter is indicated when the data obtained can overcome the uncertainty of clinical evaluation. Since complications may be related to venipuncture, the passage and positioning of the catheter, the permanence of the pulmonary artery catheter, and removal of the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) and the introducer. This study aimed to identify the causes that influence the onset of complications arising from the use of Swan-Ganz catheter in critically ill patients, as well as the signs and symptoms presented by these patients. The work was constructed through an integrative literature review. We conducted a search in six databases available on the Virtual Library on Health (BDENF, COCHRANE, IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE E SCIELO). Got a population of 51 articles and a sample of 12 articles. Of these, only one was written by nurses and predominated as the home country of the European continent. Moreover, he noted that most articles (11) were published between the years 2001 to 2009, with the predominance of written English. There is a percentage of 58.3% of "case studies" and 12 articles, 11 primary studies and are only a secondary study. Reported complications were considered rare, but potentially serious causes for their occurrence were related to catheter insertion, length of stay, relocation and cardiac surgery. Signs and symptoms depend on the complication. Therefore, further research is needed to help with the learning of the professionals working in the ICU and to facilitate decision-making to avoid the complications and the worsening state of the patient, thus enabling a higher quality of care.