Fatores relacionados à perda do enxerto renal

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease has affected the largest number of people with diverse age and can be influenced by the new health policy with the implementation of public health strategies to ensure early diagnosis and healthcare. Kidney transplantation is a possible treatment for dialysis patients with chronic renal failure, which differs from other therapies, when successful, provides for improved patient quality of life, high degree of social rehabilitation and longer life expectancy, with lower cost to government institutions. However, renal disease or chronic renal allograft as a result multifactorial, remains a major cause of loss of kidney transplantation, and this study aims to identify the impact of causal factors that favor its occurrence, to allow for better prospects, so early action and to minimize spending prolonged hospitalizations. To reach it was based on evidence-based practice, in order to make critical evaluation of research results. The proposed methodology was integrative review that gets responses through the synthesis of this evidence. The sample consisted of the review of eight articles identified by the search strategy in the databases LILACS IBECS and MEDLINE , met the inclusion criteria. After analyzing the articles, the results showed that the most common cause of graft loss is chronic rejection, followed by infectious processes, acute rejection and recurrence, glomerular diseases. It is concluded that the pre, during and after renal transplantation should be increasingly thorough and insightful both for inscription on the waiting list for selection as potential donors in order to ensure the best results with the indication for transplantation and renal replacement therapy , including patients on dialysis.