Assistência de enfermagem a pacientes gastronomizados baseada em evidências

Abstract

Introduction: The gastrostomy is a surgical procedure indicated when the patient needs to remain feeding using an enteral via for over a month. It is usually a procedure accomplished during hospitalization, both for clinical or surgical reasons, which makes it necessary for the multiprofessional team to follow-up, in order to discuss risks and benefits of gastrostomy cateter insertion, as well as the risks of complications after performing the procedure. In this context, the nursering role must be emphasized, seen it becomes more and more important on the pre-treatment, during and post-procedure. When inquiring the nursing assistence offered to these patients, what is observed is that the attendance is still guided by tradition and common knowledges, and therefore, it becomes substantial to identify the literature of the best evidences for decision making regarding the care offered. Objectives: To stablish nursing recommendations for implementing, handling and gastrostomy cateter removal and to classify recommendations' evidences level. Method: As theoretical reference, it was used the Evidences Based Practices and as methodological reference, it was chosen to use the Integrative Review. Result: The surveys allowed to identify that despite of descoursing about patients in use of gastrostomies, de nurse-care were not the main goal in any of the studies. The surveys analyses resulted on the stablishment of five recommendations, classified in evidence level 4. Final Considerations: Even tough this is a relevant theme, there is a gap on the literature concerning nursecare of gastrostomized patients and preconized recommendations must assist the nurses on the care providing of patients with gastrostomy.