Complicações do transplante renal no pós operatório: revisão integrativa

Abstract

The patient who is in terminal chronic renal failure if faced between dialytic therapy and kidney transplant, replace conditions to kidney function. In the post-operative period of renal transplantation, the patient may be affected by various diseases. The present research aimed to identify the scientific evidence about the complications of renal transplantation in post-operative. To achieve it, based on evidence-based practice, in order to perform critical evaluation of the results of the research. The proposed methodology was the integrative review that gets responses through the synthesis of these evidences. The sample of this review consisted of 10 articles identified by the search strategy in the databases BDENF, LILACS and MEDLINE that met the inclusion criteria. After analysis of the articles, it was observed that the "infections" complications, "Cytomegalovirus infection, urinary tract infection" are the most common complications in renal transplant patients, with serious consequences. Other post-operative complications of renal transplantation as hyperthermia, delayed graft function, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, hypertension and cardiovascular complications are discussed simultaneously in the studies. Graft survival, surgical complications are anemia and other complications of renal transplantation in post-operative, presented and discorridas in the sample as well as the incidence of these complications. It is concluded that the major complications of renal transplantation in post-operative are immunologic and infectious origin. Many factors interact to the risk of infections, which include immunosuppression, exposure to diseases/contagious and quality post-operative care.