Fatores que interferem na identificação precoce frente a eventos de sepse e choque séptico

Abstract

Sepsis is defined as the presence of a source of infection and systemic inflammatory response evidence being measured by the existence of two or more SIRS criteria. The shock can be defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by the failure of the circulatory system to provide oxygen and nutrients to meet the metabolic needs of the tissues. Recognition and early and appropriate treatment are essential to the prognosis of the patient. Recently, it has been observed that early treatment with specific goals is able to reduce the mortality by sepsis. This review aims to identify barriers and /or establish recommendations that should be imposed on early identification and decision-making against events of sepsis and septic shock. Was used as a theoretical reference to evidence-based practice and integrative literature review as methodological referential, with search in databases: LILACS, SciElo, PUBMED and COCHRANE. Were found in most of North American origin, articles published in English. We found nine studies with evidence level II and a level IV evidence. The results showed several barriers in the process of early identification and appropriate treatment against sepsis and septic shock events, ranging from knowledge deficits of the obstacles of institutional cultures and systems being proposed recommendations and strategies for overcoming them. The nurse has vital role in this process. It is concluded that therapeutic interventions and strategies for early recognition and overcoming the obstacles, in events of sepsis and septic shock, are associated with lower rates of mortality and, therefore, the agile and appropriate treatment the "foundation stone" for the successful approach of severe sepsis and septic shock.