Características estruturais e degradação de matrizes de poli(álcool vinílico)/ quitosana/ vidro bioativo obtidas por liofilização

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy of people led to increased scientific interest in the area of tissue engineering, which has grown in recent decades in the quest to create biomaterials capable of assisting the growth of tissues damaged for some reason. The frequency of use of these biomaterials would significantly reduce the long queues waiting for tissue transplants and avoid possible risks of graft rejection. Mainly in orthopedic major focus of tissue engineering, which seeks to create three-dimensional artificial extracellular matrices for regeneration and growth the bone tissue. The matrix developed by bone tissue engineering should promote an initial profile biomechanical tissue replacement cells to produce an extracellular matrix proper; provide the formation, deposition and organization of new organic matrix generated and degrade proportionally to the growth of new tissue. This study developed and characterized morphologically and chemically three-dimensional extracellular matrices based on Poly (vinyl alcohol) / chitosan (in different concentrations) and bioactive glass, cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Finally the study of the degradation of these matrices in vitro was made, in order to collaborate with one more option in the orthopedic biomaterial area. The matrices obtained in this study showed promising results. Showed about 96% porosity, pore size varying in the range 20-300 m and interconnectivity between pores. The mass loss presented by the matrices 1:3 and 1:1 during the degradation test in vitro, was around 10% after a week of testing, with preservation (macroscopic) of their physical structure.