A motivação no esporte: o papel do técnico em estudos sobre a motivação em diversas modalidades

Abstract

The motivation in sports has been a much discussed topic in the environment of sport performance, it is in his presence that many athletes remain at their clubs and teams, training with determination even through daily physical and mental challenges. According Samulski (1988) increasingly is a recurring appearance of motivational problems in athletes and teams, such as fear for failure, metals established, but with zero chance of achieving, in addition to inadequate reinforcement. The purpose of this review is to survey the scientific work on the Motivation in Sport theme and treatment that they do have the role of coach and as an active agent influencing motivation. In this study, a temporal division (1999 to 2009) and a linguistic (discussion only happens with articles in English) bringing views from different sports. The high performance sport, according to McPherson, Curtis & Loy (1989, apud JUNIOR; DESCHAMPS, Korsak, 1999), requires high levels of the athletes' dedication and commitment so that they not only achieve the expected results for that competition, but also personal and collective victories. Given this, the coach should work as leader of the psychological aspects as it should be, by Samulski (1988), a model in motivating your team or athletes, acting with positive behaviors and dynamically. A good relationship between coach and athlete is elementary condition for the development of a motivation and long-term stable during routine training and competitions. The technical and other professionals that may accompany these athletes (sports psychologists, especially) should be responsive and to observe the psychological traits that show falling of motivation to work on them for the psychological balance that training objectives are achieved. It is suggested that more studies be conducted on the subject of motivation in the sport and the influence of the coach's role in this process so that more psychological work to be included within the fortifying periodization of training and preparing athletes to win or lose, valuing fair play within the blocks and fields, avoiding the early withdrawal of the sport, either overtraining or burnout in front of a disorganization of the physical, social and emotional development.