Gravidez na adolescência: um olhar diferenciado sobre a gestante e a família

Abstract

Health professionals do not always show up prepared to deal with the psychological complexity of pregnant adolescents. This study aimed to conduct a narrative review about teenage pregnancy in the LILACS database in the period 1992-2012, using as descriptors, teenage pregnancy, family and sexuality. 801 articles were found, that after selection by the exclusion criteria, the framework of this study comprised 30 articles, dissertations and theses. Reading and analysis of this material showed that precocious sexuality may involve a number of risks, including sexually transmitted diseases, family conflicts, school dropout and unplanned pregnancy. The main causes of this type of pregnancy is the absence of information, negligence or errors in the use of contraceptive methods, unconscious need of satisfaction with parents and dissatisfaction with life at home and in the community. A family crisis is usually installed when an unplanned pregnancy in adolescence. There is need for better training and a different perspective of health professionals to teenage pregnancy, considering the negative and positive consequences for all involved. We conclude that despite all efforts to raise awareness about the risks of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases and government campaigns in schools, teenage pregnancy remains a serious social problem.