Influência da prática de exercícios físicos sobre a manutenção e melhoria da capacidade funcional em idosos octogenários e nonagenários

Abstract

When the very old elderly the study, its longevity often attributed of a healthy lifestyle. Tree characterstics behaviors are routinely highly modified. The reported one include, maintaining a social network, maintaining a positive mental attitude and regular exercises. So, the aim of this study consisted of a literature review. The datas of the literature indicated the influence practice of exercises on the maintenance and improvement of functional capacity in elderly Octogenarian and nonagenarian. For these purpose was done a identification of datas on indexed bases Pedro, Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs, BioMed Central, BMC Geriatrics, Science Direct, American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), Efdeportes.com / digital magazine Kurt Cobain (thesauruses free day), for the years 1990 to 2010 with subjects elderly group above 80 years. Were excluded the datas that the participants had any associated disease. The key words used were: octogenários (octogenarians), nonagenários (nonagenarians), idosos (elderly), exercício (exercise), força (strength), capacidade funcional (functional capacity), resistência (resistance), equilíbrio (balance). Respecting the proposed methodology the findings showed that the phisycal exercise are able to alter the course of aging, making elderly of advanced age more suitable for Day living activities. Endurance exercises must be done threes till five days a week in 50 to 60 minutes session of a moderate intensity (60% VO2max). The benefits of the endurance exercises are recognized in the scientific literature as a good one for improving and maintaing function on the elderly individuals. The strenght training is increases the functional capacity of octogen and nonagenarians with the range of training recommended by most of the datas includes a frequency of 3 times a week at an intensity of 80% 1RM (high intensity) and a volume of 3 series of 8-10 exercises. In order to check which kind of exercises would be more effective to meet the functionality of octo and nonagenarians, there were no Best modality of training for elderly ones. So it is suggested that a training program for seniors must have a match of the training of endurance, strength, stretching and balance.