O papel das palmilhas biomecânicas na prevenção de lesões em corredores de rua

Abstract

The number of road runners or professional has grown dramatically over the past decade, placing this population exposed to potential risks associated with the sport, mainly because this population most often does not perform the proper follow up work with regard to prevention lesions. To the extent that a proper alignment and biomechanical control is necessary to make the prevention of injuries in runners, the foot orthoses become an increasingly important part in treating and preventing disorders of the foot, ankle and lower limbs. This study aimed to carry out a review of the literature on the role of foot orthoses in the prevention of injuries in road runners and professionals, covering both features related to the different types of materials used on the technique of manufacture of orthoses. We performed a literature search through electronic databases (Medline and Lilacs) for clinical trials and systematic reviews that addressed the issue. Were read in full 32 papers of which 24 were selected for review in accordance with the criteria established for inclusion and exclusion. Due to the uniformity of the samples and the training, most studies covering prevention of injuries in runners has been conducted on populations of military recruits and non-athletes. These studies have the limitation the fact that the recruits not only make the race throughout the training standard, making it difficult to generalize the results. Most studies showed that lower limb injuries in runners can be prevented, citing the semi-rigid foot orthoses as the best choice. It is for the physiotherapist to consider the benefits, risks, advantages and disadvantages of the types of foot orthoses used in training programs in preventive and rehabilitation of runners in order to optimize performance and prevent injuries without, however, leaving them more susceptible to risks and the consequent removal of their activities.