Instilação de soro fisiológico a 0,9% durante o procedimento de aspiração endotraqueal de paciente em ventilação mecânica: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

The endotracheal suction is a method used to remove bronchial secretions of patients on mechanical ventilation. Critically ill patients cant remove mucus efficiently. Its purpose is to provide adequate oxygenation to patients and It is a routine procedure in Intensive Care Units (ICU). The aspiration has risks for the patient and may cause hypoxemia, atelectasis, vagal stimulation and other complications. For a long time it was believed that instillation with saline solution before the suction procedure facilitates the probe insertion, induced cough and facilitates secretion removal. Nowadays the opinion is divided about the safety and efficacy of this procedure. The objective of this research was to review the literature about the use of saline instillation during the procedure of endotracheal suction. We have selected five articles, one is a randomized clinical trial, one is randomized cross-sectional study and three are quasi-experimental. The studies conclude that saline solution during the aspiration procedure decrease cases of VAP and oxygen saturation. Studies in recent years are scarce about this subject. The development of articles is necessary, It should have better methodological design, more number and diversity of participants. It will instruct about the needs, benefits and harmful effects of the procedure.