Abordagem dada ao desmame de indivíduos ventilados a longo prazo em unidades de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a process of ventilatory support to treat patients with acute respiratory failure or chronic agudizada.O weaning refers to the period of transition from artificial to spontaneous in patients who remain with ventilatory support for more than 24 hours and represents a key challenge for intensive care units (ICU). The individual long-term ventilation was defined as one that has been ventilated for more than four days and had failed to wean during that period. Objective: This review aimed to verify given information weaning difficult in ventilated patients in the long term, with the intention of searching protocols Result: The following standards weaning can bring improvement in conduct, increase success rates and lower mortality rate. The reason for the adoption and use of weaning protocols lies in the fact, being prepared by "experts" in the subject and include the latest research advances in the area, they are expected to promote a significant improvement in the quality of driving weaning from mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Weaning conducted following the guidelines of a protocol based on scientific evidence and clinical practice, increases the success rate. The use of protocols provides a superior service to most individuals who require ventilatory support evidenced by a statistical majority. No weaning protocol reviewed showed superiority compared with Pressure Support T-tube, the authors report that more studies are needed to come in definite results.