Carga imediata em implantes unitários nos maxilares

Abstract

The possibility of oral rehabilitation with dental implants has shown significant progress in the last forty years. The initial protocol of osseointegration, which occurs in two surgical stages as proposed by Branemark, have achieved proven clinical success. The evolution of surgical techniques, improved diagnostic methods, improving the quality of implant design and surface, as well as a better understanding of the biology of tissue involved is supporting studies with single-stage surgical protocol and the placement of prostheses on newly installed implants. The objective of this paper is to review the literature on studies on immediate loading, addressing the possibilities to immediately restore an implant unit, analyzing the criteria for indications, limitations, contraindications, and occlusal and aesthetic aspects of this technique. It is concluded that the success of immediate load is implant-related patient satisfaction due to the decreased number of surgical interventions, as well as the time between the installation of the implant and prosthetic restoration end. However, this success depends on certain prerequisites like general health of the patient, bone quality and quantity, implant design, among others, which should be carefully followed.