Mortalidade infantil: causas evitáveis e estratégias de prevenção

Abstract

The infant mortality rate is considered synthetic indicator of the quality of life and level of development of a population. Brazil has shown a declining trend in the reduction of deaths in the post - neonatal period, however, the rates of mortality in the neonatal period present trend of slow decline. This study aims to identify the literature preventable causes related to child mortality and strategies for prevention of this disease. This is an integrative literature review. The population was selected using the metasearch capabilities offered by the Virtual Health Library Of the 26 identified nine publications were included in the sample. All articles were published in the Portuguese language, and Brazil, the country of publication. Preventable causes were addressed and features and more associated factors were: low birth weight , prematurity, Apgar score less than 7 at five minutes , low number of prenatal visits , and factors associated with economic conditions in the mother \ family. Regarding prevention strategies was found that most of them , such as prenatal care until the moment of birth , home visits and investigation of infant deaths are expected in programs that make up the Unified Health System , however, lacks sufficient incorporation by managers and health professionals , so that strategies can be used as an articulator in reducing child mortality.