Aplicabilidade da Short Physical Performance Battery na avaliação funcional de indivíduos com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica

Abstract

Peripheral Arterial Obstructive Disease (PAOD) is characterized by inadequate perfusion secondary to arterial obstruction that affects mainly the lower limbs. Walking tests are commonly used to evaluate the functionality of this population and have reproducible and reliable data. However, since the PAD leads to other structural and functional impairments beyond the gait limitation, it is necessary that these individuals are assessed through tests that allow a more global view of their function. A Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a test that includes the three performance components of the lower limbs necessary for functional activities (walking speed, muscle strength and balance). It may be more an evaluation option in the PAD; however, its application needs to be further investigated. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether SPPB can differentiate functional levels in individuals with PAD. Were applied SPPB, Shuttle Walking Test (SWT) and the Human Activity Profile (HAP). To assess whether the SPPB distinguishes functional capacity, the sample was stratified into tertiles by the distance walked in the SWT and the Adjusted Activity Score (AAS) of the HAP. Dividing the sample into tertiles the SWT was as follows: less than 193.33 meters for the 1 tertile (T1) greater than or equal to 193.33 and less than 303.33 meters for the tertile 2 (T2) and greater than or equal to 303.33 meters for the tertile 3 (T3). Dividing the sample into tertiles for PAH was: less than 64,33 for the 1 tertile (T1) greater than or equal to 64.33 and less than 73.67 for the 2 tertile (T2) and greater than or equal to 73.67 for the tertile 3 (T3). To compare the values of SPPB between different tertiles values SWT and PAH was used one-way ANOVA with post-hoc least significant difference (LSD). Considered significant an alpha of 5%. Were included 42 individuals, 71.4% were male. Participants had a mean age of 65 ± 7.7 years; Walking distance: 259.29 ± 115.28 meters; AAS of the HAP: 68.36 ± 9.04. There was a significant difference in the fields gait speed and sit-up for the separate groups by both the functional capacity assessed by SWT as the reported performance in PAH. The balance domain was different only for the groups separated by HAP. The SPPB was able to stratify individuals with PAD of the different functional classes, being a valid and viable option in clinical practice for the functional evaluation of this population