Promoção de saúde, participação em ações coletivas e violência entre usuários da atenção primária - Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

It is understood that the development of health promotion and, as such, participation in collective action capable of influencing social determinants is an important strategy to combat violence. It helps to strengthen collective subjects effectively take their role as change agents of an adverse reality and therefore builders healthier environments and peace. This study, made in July 2012, aims at examining this relationship between users of the Health Units of Primary, in Ribeirão das Neves / MG. We used a quantitative approach and a semi-structured questionnaire as information collection instrument. It was applied in individual interviews with users residents for more than a year in the region, and they were met at least once in the Health Unit to which tied. Data were stored in SPSS database, version 17.0. The variables used were: sociodemographic characteristics, participation in groups \ actions to prevent violence by Basic Health Units and verbal violence, moral or psychological, physical and sexual (being a victim; suicide attempt; meet victims of homicides; have victims of homicide in the family). Descriptive analysis with frequency distribution and correlation analyzes were performed. We opted for the final work presentation in form of two articles: I) "Social Participation, Health Promotion and Prevention of Violence in the SUS", which is a bibliographic review article aimed to reflect on the challenges and possibilities of processes that build social participation, health promotion and the prevention of violence in the Unified Health System - taking into account the importance of the relationship between them. It was concluded that investment in social participation is fundamental in protecting the health, either in its promotion, prevention of violence or in the quality of primary care in the communities. II) "Relationship between health promotion, participation in collective actions and situation of violence among users of Primary Ribeirão das Neves, Minas Gerais, Brazil." We interviewed 628 users, most being: female (n = 426; 73.6%); aged 30-39 years (n = 150; 24.1%); Mulatto (n = 361; 57.8%); married state \ stable union (n = 394; 62.7%); with incomplete primary education (n = 296; 48.1%); with family income 2-3 times the minimum wage (n = 324; 54.7%); in the work item most of people have worked, but they doesnt work anymore (n = 267; 42.6%). Among all users (n = 622), as it relates to the types of violence, there were: verbal (n = 164; 26.1%); psychological (n = 134; 21.4%); physical (n = 51; 8.1%); sex (n = 12; 1.9%); suicide attempt (n = 84; 13.4%); know someone who was killed in the neighborhood (n = 414; 65.9%) and has a family member or relative whove been murdered (n = 206; 33%). About the participation of users (n = 628) in collective actions met predominance of rarely or never in: sports and artistic actions (n = 502; 80.1%); associations and the like (n = 598; 95.2%); voluntary work (n = 571; 90.7%). On the contrary, the activities related to religious cults predominated always or almost always (n = 478; 76.1%). A higher frequency of non-development actions to prevent violence in primary care in the city (n = 500; 80%). Correspondence analysis indicated that the lower frequency of collective action was strongly associated with the presence of verbal, psychological, physical, suicide attempt, having a relative or family member who was murdered and have met someone who was murdered in the region where they live. In the presence of collective action and absence of different types of violence can be seen that the presence of actions related to sports / art activities is associated with the absence of verbal and sexual violence; participation in associations / unions is associated with absence of psychological, physical and attempted suicide; volunteer work actions are associated with the absence of sexual violence, having a relative killed and meet someone who was murdered. The situation of collective actions related to the activity of religious services is associated with no suicide attempt. It was concluded that participation in collective and health promotion activities can contribute to dealing and violence prevention.