O cirurgião-dentista da Atenção Básica e seu papel na detecção dasmaloclusões e disfunções craniomandibulares

Abstract

The malocclusion and craniomandibular dysfunction due to its high prevalence have become the object of interest of public health. Given this and the negative implications of these diseases on the individual, this work is intended to assist the dentist and other primary care professionals in prevention, diagnostics and early treatment. The malocclusion is related to abnormal development of occlusion, which leads to changes to both the aesthetic point of view on the teeth and / or face, as the functional point of view, with regard to occlusion, mastication and speech. The causes are varied as an anomaly of number, size and shape, premature loss and prolonged retention of deciduous teeth, delayed eruption of permanent and abnormal eruption, ankylosis, dental caries, restorations inadequate brakes and abnormal adhesions, heredity, disease or congenital deformities, environment, alteration of metabolism and predisposing diseases, nutritional deficiency, harmful habits, abnormal pressures, posture, accidents and injuries. Harmful habits are noteworthy for their potential to change and can be avoided, since there is guidance. Craniomandibular dysfunction can be caused by anxiety, stress, poor posture, harmful habits and anatomoclusais factors, including overloading of the TMJ, articular pathologies. Breastfeeding should be encouraged because in addition to its nutritional, immunological and emotional influences in a correct development of jaw and articulators. The guidance is a good weapon for prevention, so it is important to the dentist and primary care professionals provide himself with information to guide parents in preventing the problems of occlusion and craniomandibular development of their children. Measures such as stimulation of the correct breastfeeding, prevention of harmful habits, proper removal of these when fitted, damage and interception of early referral when the intervention of other professionals are extremely important and should be part of the actions of the dentist's primary. In addition, a multidisciplinary interaction and a bond with the greatest of these patients is important so that treatment is effective.