A atuação do exercício físico sobre fatores neurotróficos no tratamento de pacientes com mal de alzheimer

Abstract

Several studies has been assisting the research in the development of new drugs that enable in a molecular level an improvement in the quality of life of patients of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much is known about physical exercise and its benefits in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanisms itself and the development of motor and cognitive skills at the level of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) in several early cases of AD. The activities of neurotrophic factors reactivating motor sites functions and increasing cognitive and motor functions enabling adjustments to be activated and maintained through chronic physical exercise programs. Making physical activity a pharmaco-free option against neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this study is to conduct a survey of relevant studies about the benefits of physical exercise and its action on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease, without the need of using drugs. To find these articles, books, websites and other studies that address this theme were used terms into the search bar such as, "Alzheimer's disease", "Neurotrophins", "BDNF", "Exercise", and "elder", "IBGE Data", "Public Health Policy for the elderly", "UCP-1", "Brown Fat", "Irisin", in addition to this feature, were also used the search bar from the CAPES, Pubmed/Medline and Scielo portal using the aforementioned terms and articles sent by colleagues and an MP3 audio. Considered studies and files demonstrated the importance of physical exercise as a factor in the release of BDNF by neural and even muscular tissues themselves and how it operates in synaptic plasticity in the CNS and PNS, and it can assists in treating people in the initial phase of AD, mainly from the effects of the depression in this population. In addition, were highlighted other effects of the exercise on the elderly population and/or the stricken by AD, including the promising Irisin effect and how physical exercise can retrieve the motor and cognitive functions of this population.