A importância da mucosa ceratinizada periimplantar

Abstract

The aesthetic excellence in implant-supported rehabilitations must involve aspects of the restoration with the characteristics of the surrounding soft tissues, in order to obtain similar outcomes to natural teeth. It has been stated in the literature that the peri-implant mucosa promotes a sealing on the surface of the abutment, establishing an important biological barrier between the oral environment and bone, to ensure the success of the implant. Furthermore, the presence of keratinized tissue gives strength and stability to the epithelium to the maintenance of the mucosa. It was believed that the presence of a suitable gingiva was essential for the maintenance of health and prevention of peri-implant disease. However, the literature indicates a lack of consensus regarding the real need of the presence of keratinized mucosa to maintain the health status and prevention of peri-implant bone loss. In this study, through a literature review, a search was made in order to reach a better understanding about the association between the presence of keratinized mucosa and its influence on the health status of peri-implant tissues. According to the literature reviewed, there is no data to support the idea that the presence of peri-implant keratinized mucosa is a prerequisite for the successful long-term of dental implants. However, it has been shown that the preservation or reconstruction of the keratinized mucosa around implants may need to be considered in order to facilitate restorative procedures, improve aesthetics outcomes, prevent soft tissue trauma and facilitate plaque control during oral hygiene.