O uso de laser na cicatrização de úlceras neurotróficas em indivíduos acometidos pela hanseníase e diabetes mellitus

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the low-intensity laser effects in healing neurotrophic ulcers in individuals affected by leprosy and diabetes mellitus. To this end, a literature review was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SciELO, BIREME. Of the 31 articles found, 7 were included in the analyzes of the results, totaling 174 participants aged between 45 and 85 years, the analysis involved 49 individuals in the leprosy group; and 219 in the diabetes group, among these (arterial insufficiency, radio damage, autoimmune vasculitis, pressure ulcers, venous insufficiency). They had chronic ulcers. Most of the results of this study demonstrated that low-intensity laser is a beneficial adjunct to the healing of chronic ulcers in leprosy and diabetes. Although the results show the effectiveness of LLLT in the healing of chronic ulcers neurotrophic, in most studies, the sample size is lower for a further significant findings and analysis, the methodological procedure or details of interventions were varied with different types laser, modulation / parameters, duration of treatment, number of applications. Thus, the data suggest that in order to obtain conclusive evidence of low intensity laser in the treatment of ulcers, there is need for high-quality, randomized, controlled and double-blind studies with appropriate designs. Further investigations are necessary in order to understand the mechanism of the effects of LLLT on chronic ulcers.