Prevalência de dor lombar não específica em atletas profissionais: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Several studies show that up to 90% of the general adult population will have back pain during their lifetime. In sports backache it is also a condition often experienced by professional athletes, slowing performance and limiting productivity in various sports. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low back pain in professional athletes. Method: A search strategy was conducted on January 27, 2015 in Medline, Embase and Sportdiscus, using the descriptors "low back pain", "prevalence" and "athletes". They included all studies with primary or secondary objective of investigating the prevalence of non-specific low back pain in athletes, but only studies in which it was clearly reported inclusion of athletes 'professional' in any part of the study. The studies should also report prevalence measures of non-specific low back pain. They excluded studies investigating participants with back pain caused by specific diseases. There was no date limitation or language of publication. The prevalence was estimated as a percentage and the 95% confidence interval (CI 95%). A Meta-analysis was used to determine the overall estimate. Homogeneity was determined by I2. A meta-analysis by random effects was performed to I250%. Forest plot was used to facilitate visualization of the results and Comprehensive Meta-analysis software version 2.2.04 (Biostat, © Inc., Englewood, New Jersey) was used for all analyzes. The search strategy identified 2032 titles already excluding duplicates. After evaluation of papers to our inclusion criteria, five articles met the same and were included in the review. Results: a meta-analysis was performed including five articles and a total of 1217 participants using the model of randomized effect. The prevalence of non-specific lower back pain found in professional athletes was 45% (95% CI: 32% to 58%), which suggests greater impact of the health status in the study population as compared to the general population which showed estimated prevalence of 23%. Conclusion: This prevalence was higher in football, Australian rules football and rugby. Future research should address the back pain in sports to reduce their prevalence.