Instrumentos clínicos para a medida do posicionamento da pelve no plano sagital: revisão da literatura

Abstract

The pelvis is the hip joint with the sacrum, and plays an important role in dampening impact as well as being a crucial structure in the kinematics of the lower limbs and trunk closed chain. Changes in the pelvis neutral causes compensating movements in other segments, such as hip and spine. Before the clinical relevance of this anatomical structure, evaluate the position of the pelvis in different planes is essential and is a key component in developing a treatment plan for musculoskeletal disorders.The pelvis can take different directions in response to changes in the position of other body segments, and the pelvic tilt is the pelvic tilt in the sagittal plane, also called the posture in anteversion or posterior pelvic tilt. Such a stance is defined as the angle formed by horizontal lines connecting the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the posterior-superior iliac spine (PSIS). The method considered the goldstandard for evaluation of pelvic posture in the sagittal plane is the measure carried out by means of lateral radiographs of the pelvis and spine, but such an assessment in the context of rehabilitation, is not identified as crucial as physical therapy diagnosis. The purpose of this critical review of the literature was reporting the reliable clinical methods of assessing pelvic posture in the sagittal plane that are an alternative to the gold standard of evaluation. 13 articles were selected in databasesMedline, SciELO, Lilacs and PEDro. Clinical methods using the inclinometer and the assessment made by the ratio between the height of the iliac spines, even presented significant advantages over the exam in radiography and intra reliability values and inter considered excellent, still lack validity compared to standard -gold of imaging evaluation. Therefore, more studies are needed to better standardize the tests andbetter validation of the method.