O lócus enunciativo do sujeito subalterno: uma análise da produção científica de bell hooks e Gloria Anzaldúa

Abstract

The present thesis seeks to investigate the speak/silence of colored women on the scientific production, having as its objective to establish a discussion around the complex debate about the enunciative locus of the subaltern subject on the contemporary social life, mainly, on the scientific field. It was chosen to speak with emphasis about black women, half-breed, lesbians, Latin-Americans and from popular origins because they are being, on the modernity, quickly and repeatedly nominated as subalterns. When these above mentioned women become academic, university teachers and researchers, do they continue being recognized as subaltern? What it is that turn (or don't turn) them into subaltern? Who are the subaltern? Who nominate who as subaltern? What is the relation between subalternity and scientific production? On the search for some answers and on the development of new questions, the text "Black Intellectuals" written by bell hooks and "Speaking in tongues: a letter to the women writers from the third world" written by Gloria Anzaldúa were analyzed. The contributions from Gayatri Spivak (2010) text "Can the subaltern speak?" were focused on this essay, where the author affirms that subalterns are those who doesn't participate, or participate on a very limited way, being subjects muted by the cultural imperialism and by the epistemological violence. Having the feminist theories as a theoretical support, questions were made about those new subjects on scientific production. This theoretical field presented itself as an important contribution for the scientific field and for this essay, because it brings the "other" to the scene, the non-speaker, the silenced, the one who always occupied the place of subject to the science and few times the place of the scientific subject. The analysis points out that the studied writers are seeking new epistemological strategies, establishing a critical dialogue with distinct fields of thought, intending to explicit the power networks that sustains the apparent objectivity on the scientific knowledge. This way, this other drawing demonstrates that the subaltern can only make their speak resonate when they speak by the language of the other. The women, that until now have been produced as "knowledge objects", claim the production of a local knowledge, about themselves, a knowledge that questions the hegemonic knowledge. So, they transit between the silence and the speak, between the absence of an audible production and the uncovering of an invisible history in an imperialist science.