Exigência de lisina, metionina + cistina e treonina de leitões, vacinados ou não vacinados sobre o desempenho em suínos, dos 6 aos 16 kg

Abstract

In this work we used 1080 hybrid piglets, divided into three groups of 360 animals corresponding to the chapters I, II and II to assess levels of amino acids of feed on the performance, carcass characteristics and the effect of vaccination of piglets on these parameters. In experiment I, the experimental design was of randomized blocks with five treatments (1.25; 1.35; 1.45; 1.55 1.65% lysine and total), four repetitions and nine animals per experimental unit, plus two levels of immune system activation (vaccinated and unvaccinated). Observed effect of immune activation on the daily feed intake (CRD) and the daily weight gain (GPD) (P < 0.01) that have reduced by about 7% compared to non-vaccinated animals. There was no interaction between the levels of lysine and the degree of activation of the immune system of animals for all parameters evaluated. The feed conversion reduced linearly as well as consumption of digestible lysine. There was no interaction between the levels of lysine and the degree of activation of the immune system of animals for all parameters evaluated. The feed conversion reduced linearly as well as consumption of digestible lysine. The rate of deposition of protein that increased linearly as a function of levels of lysine. There not observed effect of lysine levels of rations on the daily feed intake. It was concluded that the feed conversion and protein deposition rate respond linearly to the levels of lysine in the diet and that the activation of the immune system by means of vaccination of animals makes the feed intake and weight gain. The experiment was carried out to assess the effects of the levels of methionine + cystine diet on the performance, carcass characteristics and the immune response of piglets newly weaned. 360 piglets were used, 180 males and 180 females weaned with average age of 20.3 days and starting weight of 5.43 ± 1.17 kg. We used the random block design in factorial scheme 2, with five levels of methionine + cystine total (0.70; 0.85 0.93 0.77;; and 1.01%) and two forms of immune system activation (vaccinated and unvaccinated), four repetitions and nine animals per experimental unit. There was no interaction between the levels of lysine and the degree of activation of the immune system of animals for all parameters evaluated. The activation of the immune system in 7% reduced feed intake and 5% in daily weight gain of animals. Methionine + cystine levels have improved in a linear way to feed conversion and deposition of daily protein on carcass as the level of sulfur amino acids increased in the diets. Six to 16 kg pigs, independent of activation of the immune system, require 0.9% methionine + cystine total, which corresponds to a daily intake of methionine + cystine of 4.44 g/day and a 58% methionine + cystine: lysine. In the experiment 360 piglets were used, 180 males and 180 females weaned with average age of 20.3 days and starting weight of 5.31 ± 1, 23 kg. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, in factorial scheme 2, with five levels of threonine total (0.85 0.95 1.05 1.15;;;; 1.25%) and two levels of immune system activation (vaccinated and unvaccinated), with four repetitions and nine animals per experimental unit. There was no interaction between the level of threonine and the degree of activation of the immune system of animals for all parameters evaluated. The levels of threonine and activation of the immune system don't affect the performance parameters evaluated. The levels of threonine linearly affected the percentage of fat and water in the casing and the daily deposition of fat. It is concluded that the level of total of 0.85% threonine, corresponding to a daily consumption of threonine to 4.29 g/day, and a threonine: 55% lysine, meets the requirement of piglets from six to 16 kg, with the activation of the immune system did not cause any negative effect on the performance of the animals.