A institucionalização do modelo de gestão CompStat na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais sob a perspectiva teórica do Translation e Trabalho Institucional

Abstract

Despite the increasing adoption of management ideas in the context of public safety, understanding on the expansion of managerial knowledge in police organizations is still quite limited. In order to fill this gap of research, the study aims to understand how military police absorb the managerial ideas disseminated in its institutional environment. In order to delimit the scope of research, the management idea of CompStat was chosen as the object of analysis. This model was developed by officers of the New York Police Department in the 1990s and spread rapidly among police agencies around the world, despite its disputed effectiveness. In order to understand the social agency that underlies the CompStat institutionalization process, the analytical lens of the translation and institutional work were used in combination with classical neoinstitucional theory. From an interpretative perspective, the researcher used interview-narratives as the primary means to capture the forms of work undertaken by instituting the stages of the translation process and new meanings to the idea in the new context. Also, It was used the documentary research and content analysis of institutional documents and papers made by the central actors of these processes of change. It was identified and analyzed three distinct processes CompStat institutionalization in the context of the Minas Gerais public safety, two promoted by officers of the Military Police of Minas Gerais and one of managers of the Department of Public Safety, with the support of CRISP researchers and the officers. It was observed in these processes of institutional change, multi-actors working actively and collectively with officials PMMG in capturing the idea and an ongoing process of transformation of its components. Besides the change of the components of the original model, there were also changes in management of the police units and in officers who were directly involved in each institutional change. The idea of Selznick's institutional leadership was also perceived clearly by the performances of two police commanders, who infuse and share management values and meanings with theirs commanders. This study offered a proposal of an institutional approach that reconciles the macro and micro perspectives of analysis and allows a visualization of the recursive and continuous interaction between actors and institutions. Finally, the association of some concepts and central premises of translation to the concepts of political, technical and cultural work, allowed to visualize the underlying aspects and the efforts undertaken by the agents in the different stages of institutionalization.