Efeitos dos exercícios neuromusculares no desempenho funcional em pacientes com osteoartrite de quadril: uma revisão narrativa da literatura

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative pathology that occurs by gradual loss of articular cartilage, caused by an imbalance between the formation and destruction of its main elements. In addition to muscle weakness, patients with OA have impaired sensory-motor function in terms of sensory deficiency, altered muscle activation patterns, and reduced functional performance. The neuromuscular training method is based on biomechanical and neuromuscular principles and aims to improve the Sensory-motor control and achieve compensatory functional stability. Objective: The objective of the study was to verify by means of a narrative bibliographic review the effects of neuromuscular exercises on functional performance in patients with hip OA. Methodology: For the bibliographic search of scientific articles, searches were carried out in the databases CINAHL, COCHRANE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE covering languages in English and Portuguese. This research involved the search for studies that have as descriptors the terms: neuromuscular, exercises, hip and osteoarthritis and their correlates in English, neuromuscular, exercise, hip and osteoarthritis. Results: the search resulted in 136 studies, were excluded after reading the title and abstract 105 articles. Thus a total of 31 studies were identified as possible inclusion. Seven studies did not meet the inclusion criteria and 18 were duplicates, thus resulting in the analysis of six articles. Conclusion: neuromuscular exercises associated with education and therapeutic exercises of strength, aerobic and flexibility seem to be beneficial in functional performance in OA patients mild to moderate, moderate to severe and severe while neuromuscular exercises alone was not beneficial in patients with severe OA. More studies are needed to better evaluate the benefits of neuromuscular exercises in functional performance in patients with hip OA thus aiding clinical practice.