Efeitos do treinamento de correr descalço em indivíduos saudáveis: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Actually, a regular practice is to running without shoes, i.e., barefoot. The emergence of this activity occurred, in addition to the need for injury prevention, of the greater efficiency during the execution and improvement of the performance of some individuals practicing of this modality, when compared to those who used shoes. Recent systematic reviews have reported the immediate effects of this condition. However, to achieve more significant gains, besides the need for familiarization time, it is important to adapt to the new condition, with the training of the new technique to be performed. Objective: To examine, by a systematic review, the effects of a barefoot running training program in healthy subjects. Methods: Searches were conducted on the Medline, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, LILACS e PEDro databases, until June of 2016, without date or year of publishing restrictions. Furthermore, a manual search on the references of each included paper was accomplished. Title, abstracts, end full texts were selected by two reviewers to identify relevant studies. A third reviewer was the responsible by the disagreement. The methodological quality of the trials was assessed by PEDro scale. Results: The electronic search strategy identified 855 papers. But, beyond screening titles end abstracts, 848 papers were excluded. The manual search did not retrieve any trail. In this manner, seven papers were included in this systematic review. The effects found by the barefoot running training program were: improve of the running economy, kinetics changes in the lower limbs and more stability of the ankle. These results are associated with the possibility of significant gains in runner performance and injury prevention, since there is less demand on the muscles and joints involved in the mechanics of barefoot running. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that barefoot running training program promotes effects on the lower limbs biomechanics and influence physiological aspects, which are related to performance and a lower risk of injury. Future studies with high methodological quality are needed to realize such benefits of rehabilitation programs in running barefoot, as well as clarifying whether there are risks to such a practice.