Tratamento da incontinência urinária de esforço em idosas da comunidade: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Urinary incontinence can be defined, according to the International Continence Society, as any complaint of loss of urine involuntarily. Stress urinary incontinence is the most common type of urinary incontinence among women and can be defined as an involuntary loss of urine during situations of physical effort, sneezing or coughing. There are various conservative treatment options for people with stress urinary incontinence. This study aimed to carry out a literature review on the methods of treatment for stress urinary incontinence in womam elderly residents in the community. Through research in databases Lilacs, PEDro, PubMed and SciELO, by 2005 to 2015 found 303 studies. After analysis, according to the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria, only three were selected to compose this work. In all, 134 elderly women treated for stress urinary incontinence. Were used as intervention protocols, in the experimental groups, the surface electrostimulation, exercises for the pelvic floor muscles and functional activities. The three articles showed significant improvement for most outcomes studies in experimental groups related to the loss of urine. Only the study by Kim et al. observed improvements in body mass index, strength of the adductor muscles of the hip and gait speed,associated to improvement and / or cure of stress urinary incontinence. We can conclude that the above studies suggest that muscle pelvic floor training can be effective for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in older women, and the lack of research observed on the subject indicates the need for further studies to evaluate the effects of physical therapy in elderly with different types of urinary incontinence.