Estratificação social e desigualdade de renda na agropecuária brasileira

Abstract

The aim of this study is the investigation on the evolution of the social stratification and the income inequalities in the Brazilian agricultural sector, from the starting point of the sectors modernization. The problem related to this issue is about the transformation in the Brazilian agricultural social structure, in the sense of the amplifying of the generating occupations of a better access to income, inside the sectors occupational structure, independently of the realization of profound social reforms. The results of this study have indicated that, in the 70s, it has emerged a new class structure in the Brazilian agricultural sector, quite different from that which had prevailed until the 60s and early 70s, standing out an inner diversification in the occupational structure and a wider breadth in the income distribution, which were consolidated in the posterior decades. One could observe that the income repartition occurred to be favorable to the formal workers and the highly qualified professional stratus (technical/bureaucratic/management stratus) and not only to the employers, owners of the greater production actives, including land property. In the other hand, the income distribution showed unfavorable to the body of familiar agriculturists and informal workers. The concluding picture, therefore, is that of a transformation in the social stratification, and in the income repartition of the Brazilian agricultural sector, which is favorable to the stratus linked to the sectors modern operations, diverging frontally in relation to the anterior model. However, the results to the familiar agriculturists and informal workers stratus show that a relevant contingent of occupied in the sector remain marginal to this tendency.