Sistemas de informação: uma visão histórico conceitual

Abstract

Information Systems (IS) resources are connections between the computing environment and the scientific research or the organization. To understand these connections, the historical setting where the IS are inserted will be discussed. Moreover, the IS performance, their position within the advent of computing, their restricted use in the mechanistic paradigm, their insertion in the paradigm of Information Technology (IT), and their prospective in knowledge management will be approached. Since the origin of IS up to their insertion into the paradigm of IT, their role and progressive promotional value as a tool for information processing and management have been identified mainly for knowledge retrieval, which is the raw material for decision-making. Though, even in face of lately technological improvements, IS still faces major challenges in carrying out their role in the environment of the paradigm of IT. Whether in productivity over the knowledge retrieval, demand and development or maintenance cycle, IS have faced challenges to keep pace with new technology trends. These are led by the steady increase in the speed at which information is generated, stored and retrieved, and by the emergence of other types of information formatting for knowledge acquisition and/or generation. Given the importance of IS in the current technological environment, i.e. Web platform, theoretical and methodological approaches on semantics and ontology; conceptual and historical study of the prospects of IS for supporting scientific research and organizations on their particular needs is relevant, standing as the main purpose of this study. Furthermore, in the perspective of the marked development of new approaches on categorization and classification of information due to semantic tag semantic, taxonomy and representation of reality through ontology and controlled vocabularies with the support of technological convergence, this conceptual historical view could bring clarity to present IS role and over its future technological and innovational development.