Potencial anti-helmíntico de Caryocar brasiliense cambess (Caryocaraceae) no controle de nematódeos gastrintestinais de ruminantes

Abstract

One of the major obstacles for the creation of ruminants is the gastrointestinal helminthiasis that causes large yield losses. Further, resistance to the drugs complicates the conventional combat of these nematodes. The search for new forms of control has become a necessity, and the phytotherapy stood out as one of the alternatives. The pequizeiro, native of Cerrado, has wide use in folk medicine and anthelmintic action was reported for sheep. Thus it was objectified to evaluate the potential anthelmintic of the pequizeiro in the control of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in ruminants under different preparation methods, as well as its toxicity. Tests were conducted inhibition of larval development (ILD) and inhibition of hatchability (IH) for determining the efficacy of raw powders and aqueous extracts of bark and leaves of fruit. We evaluated addition, the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of bark and leaves of fruit intraperitoneally in mice females and males. The aqueous extract of the bark of the fruit efficiencies above 90% in IE nematodes of cattle in all concentrations tested, being more effective than the aqueous extract of the leaves, whose effectiveness was greater than 89.15%. The leaf extract also showed moderate efficacy in IH Haemonchus contortus in sheep (89.31%). In ILD showed an efficacy of over 95% for the two highest concentrations. The powders of raw fruit rind and leaves were highly effective in ILD H.contortus of sheep. The aqueous extracts of bark and leaves of fruit had become very toxic intraperitoneally into mice of both sexes. It is concluded that C. brasiliense holds great potential to control gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants, requiring new tests of toxicity by other routes and animal species of interest, and in vivo tests with different preparation methods, to be listed as an alternative in the treatment of gastrointestinal helminthiasis.