As posturas estereotipadas e a sobrecarga muscular no operador de betoneira como fatores de risco para lombalgia

Abstract

The tasks performed in the construction sites require a great effort, including heavy lifting and frequent manual material handling, which may cause musculoskeletal injury such as the low back pain. The aim of this study was to understand how aspects such as the organization of the construction site and the instruments used by the concrete mixer operator can determine the adoption of an awkward posture, intervening in strategies used to minimize the physical effort and also increasing the risk of low back pain. To identify the main risks of low back pain in the operator, his tasks and activities were considered. This study was realized in a construction site of a commercial building, in Nova Lima, due to the low back complaints of the concrete mixer operator. The Ergonomic Analysis was used to understand and to study the situations experienced by the operator and, from this knowledge, it was proposed conditions to minimize the side effects of the work. The results revealed that the operator´s activity is not limited to the concrete´s production. Aspects such as the location of the concrete mixer, the height of cement bags storage, the height of the concrete mixer, the reduced area of the cement storage room and the instruments used for the concrete´s production determine the adoption of uncomfortable postures. The operator is exposed to many risks such as manual lifting, pushing heavy materials and adoption of awkward postures such as anterior flexion associated or not to the rotation of the trunk, which are associated in the literature as causes of the low back pain. Therefore it was possible to elaborate improvement suggestions in the organization of the construction site, in the layout, in the instruments used, and also interventions related to the work organization