A organização do trabalho e a incidência de dores lombares no posto de paletização manual em uma indústria de baterias automotivas

Abstract

The production processes are idealized by the management to meet market demands. It is up to the directly responsible to plan the means for the raw material be transformed into a product or service. Workers are the transformers of the process by providing its workforce to fulfill the tasks prescribed by management. A prescription form of the task would be the fulfillment of a production order (PO), very common in industry and production processes. It is important that the person responsible for making the production order understand all the process variables which he is idealizing. Such variables include the of operation method of the workers, the means for them to perform their tasks, the variability of production (raw materials, rework, contingencies), human resources, the interface between the various sectors and the health of workers involved. This study aims to understand how the production order can affect the health of workers in an industry of automotive batteries. It was chosen the manual palletizing workstation in a finishing and packaging sector of the industry. The choice of this workstation happened because of the health sector of the company appointed it as a cause of back pain due to the physical layout of the position and the movements that the worker performs to fulfill its task (excessive lumbar flexion). The influence of the production order is present in the sector since the models required in the OP have to be ready ( palletized and finished) at the time intended. The presence of large batteries (69kg) addressed in the OP proved to be an important variable in the set studied here, since it requires more effort and consequently higher risk of workers health on the palletizing. The choice of work team leaders for lighter batteries overwhelms the other classes that have accumulated large batteries to get through the sector and therefore to be palletized. Improvements in the OP and palletizing station were suggested in order to reduce the overload of palletizing large batteries. These improvements concern the creation of a quota for large batteries for each team, improvements in the layout of the post and work organization