Qualidade de vida de pacientes hipertensos da equipe de saúde da família Águas Claras - Mariana - MG

Abstract

The Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial disease, detected almost always lately due to its asymptomatic and prolonged course. It is estimated that in Brazil 30% of the general population over 40 years old may have high arterial pressure. One of the challenges in the SAH diagnosis and control is to know the impact of the disease and its treatment upon the individuals life. From the SAH diagnosis, patients report changes about their life quality. This study was developed to characterize the profile of the hypertense population checked assisted by the Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) from the Águas Claras district, Mariana Minas Gerais and correlate the perception of the life quality of this population with socialdemographic variables (sex, age, civil state, occupation, education), related to AH (medical treatment and HAS control) and life habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and obesity). It is an observational transversal-type study with quantitative approach and convenience sample. A MINICHAL questionnaire was elaborated by the researcher and applied for data collection. Also, physical evaluation (weight, height, abdominal circumference and pressure level) was made. The variables were analyzed in comparison of the absolute values and percentage to the sample characterization. The correlation between the perception of life quality with social-demographic variables, of life style and related to AH was made through calculation of the Spearman coefficient. Sixty-four participants were evaluated; as 59,4% were between 50 and 70 years old and the percentage of women interviewed was 71,9%. Obesity is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor in the studied population, since 67,2% (n=43) of the patients had Body Mass Index (BMI) > 24,9 Kg / m² and only 31,5% of the participants practiced physical activity regularly. Although all participants stated to use the medical treatment correctly, 65,5% showed inadequate levels of arterial pressure control. There wasnt a correlation between the social-demographic variables related to HAS and the life habits with the perception of life quality. We concluded that there is a high occurrence of hypertense people with inadequate levels of arterial pressure control, and hence the non-adhesion to the treatment and high incidence of corporal obesity. When gathered, these findings indicate the need of restructuring the health practices emphasizing education and the relevance of self-care in the pathology control, and also the performance of new researches for a better understanding of the life quality of this population.