Atuação do enfermeiro na estratégia de saúde da família na prevenção do câncer do colo do útero

Abstract

The cancer control in our country represents one of the greatest challenges facing public health, because cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women. The high incidence and high mortality rates due to these conditions warrant the implementation of strategies for effective control of this disease which include the promotion of health through prevention and early detection, treatment and palliative care when needed. It is known that the main form of prevention is through the Pap smear. This study aimed to verify what has been the contribution of the nurse working in the family health strategy to deal with this problem, through a literature review. We conducted a narrative review of national literature whose methodological path traveled has relied on exploratory and selective readings of scientific publications found in the databases LILACS (Latin American Health Sciences), MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem Online line) and SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) on the performance of nurses in preventing cervical cancer in the Family Health Strategy. Studies show that activities performed by nurses in family health strategy are priority, the prevention of cancer of the cervix, the prenatal care of low risk, family planning and health education. We emphasize the importance of educational and dissemination of the offer of shares by the health service for the female population and the need for a preventive examination for cancer of the cervix. To reduce mortality from breast cancer patients and improve the coverage of screening tests is necessary for women who never did take preventive or who perform infrequently. Consequently, the role of nurses is of paramount importance in education and guidance by the female population, accounting for possible questions and encouraging the periodical testing, thereby contributing to reducing the incidence of cancer of the cervix.