O processo de escolarização no Termo de Mariana (1772-1835)

Abstract

The organization of the school as an institution legalized for the education of the Primeiras Letras is characterized for the existing tensions in the sphere of public/private present in the school process. These tensions in take to perceive them the forms of the social process used by the immersed citizens in the society. To research O processo de Escolarização no Termo de Mariana (1772-1835), aims the lessons of Primeiras Letras had as intention to apprehend these changes and or resistences in contexts marked for reforms that objectified to organize a society predominantly marked by the verbal form. We know that in the cut period the instruction was little spread, but what we demonstrate they had been the ways around the construction of that, later, if it would become the public school. Of this form, we work the principle with the repercussions of the reforms of Pombal in the Termo de Mariana, mainly with the institution of the Subsídio Literário, when we perceive the participation of small, average and great proprietors and or traders in the contribution of this tax come back exclusively to defray the Aulas Régias. We cross the values collected with the payments made for the Fazenda Mineira to the masters who had acted in the Termo to identify as if he processed the acts of receiving and which the possible relations between existing contribution and schools. These masters had been identified by means of provisionses, letters, examinations and denunciations of its performances made for some sectors of the society that placed the masters as agents central offices in the constitution of the lessons. What we present in this work is a complex movement of adaptation of the Aulas Régias, placed under the guardianship of the State, whose beginning if gave in 1759 with the expulsion of the Jesuits and if it narrowed in 1772, when the lessons of Primeiras Letras had passed to be organized by the State. Thus, the fiscalization of the collection of the tax and the lessons, the definition of contents, methods and materials of education, as well as the public destined to these lessons and the profile of the candidate to the master position had been essential to follow the internalization of the values of the instruction and the representations of the lessons of Primeiras Letras in the term of Mariana.