Economia globalizada: mercado, governabilidade e democracia

Abstract

The thesis now presented discusses, from a historical perspective, the crucial nature of relations between the Market and the State, especially in the context of globalization, which is understood not as a recent process, but, rather, as a process that has been developed over the years since the beginning of capitalism. On the one hand, we analyze the consequences of the globalization process which, despite promoting greater economic integration, naturally brings with it unemployment and social inequality. On the other hand, considering the expansion of capital, it is important to understand the decaying power of the national states. If the current global economic model and the dysfunction of the state machinery point to the disruption of limits for the reproduction of capitalism, social exclusion creates political obstacles and gives rise to intense and unpredictable movements that query the existing democratic-representative institutions. As we identify the State crisis, the challenge of overcoming poverty, unemployment, and the uneven distribution of wealth among the national states, this thesis questions the limits and possibilities of democracy. Thus, the exhaustion of the expanding cycle responsible for post-war high economic dynamism, social exclusion and the obstacles for democracy underscore the need to reconsider the current political organization forms, calling for a new order.