Sociedade civil, burocracia estatal e iniciativa privada: estudo do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida

Abstract

This thesis aims to analyze the Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) from three different points of view that interact within the institutional engineering of the Program: organized civil society, the public bureaucracy and representative organizations of civil construction companies. The analytical perspective that leads this study is that it is absolutely necessary to establish a technical team, skilled and well-paid, to exert an important role in rationalization policy, able to impose itself as a mediator in the game of interests. However, this bureaucracy has to be permeable to the demands of society, otherwise shut up in inefficient procedures opposed to the democratic state. The key to the efficiency of state action would be the balance between autonomy and partnership. The first step of the study was an analysis of the evidence base, in which researched the official documents related to housing policy nationwide were researched. The empirical part was made from qualitative and quantitative data, obtained for primary and secondary way. The primary data collection was made from 107 structured interviews, using questionnaires mixed, with actors of the various instances involved in the PMCMV implementation in the cities of Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The study showed that PMCMV presented several advancements including: a significant amount of resources for social housing, a large number of housing units built, the consolidation of public subsidy for social housing; agility of buildings; the economic recovery with generating many formal jobs. These advances may be partially explained by the confluence of interests between the federal government and the business of construction. However, the public instance preserving their autonomy through control of legislation, by the Ministry of Cities, and the monitoring of policy implementation by the Caixa Econômica Federal and prefectures. However, this partnership between government and the private sector was established of the institutions created by the Ministry of Cities to take care of urban and housing policy. At the same time that it strengthened ties with the private sector, weakened ties with organized civil society. This situation weakened the instances of popular participation. Another great problem noted was the difficulty, by the municipalities, to implement the instruments of the Statute of the City to guarantee the implementation of projects in the PMCMV in well-located land.