Avaliação do perfil de risco cardiovascular em uma população rural

Abstract

In developed countries, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first cause of death; this is an important cause of morbidity, dependency and health costs. Projections to 2020 indicate that CVD will remain as the major cause of mortality and disability, particularly in the developing regions. To be able to promote prevention one of the first steps is to know the cardiovascular risk. There are several ways to estimate the risk for cardiovascular events and diseases, among the existing algorithms the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was used in this study. This study aims to estimate the cardiovascular risk through the Framingham Risk Score and its association with anthropometric and socio-demographic indicators in a rural population at the Jequitinhonha Valley. There were 579 individuals available for this study; 433 individuals had valid variables of interest answers to calculate the FRS. A calculation of absolute and relative frequencies of socio-demographic variables (age, education, sex, race, marital status and income) was developed; BMI and waist circumference were also performed for the calculation of the Framingham Risk Score and then were evaluated the associations between these characteristics and anthropometric variables with the FRS. Statistical differences were evaluated using the Pearsons chi-square test, using a significance level of 5%. Of the individuals studied (50.3%) were male (49.7%), they were between 18 and 59 years. Considering the Framingham Risk classification, the men had a higher prevalence of risk (8.2%) compared to women (2.9%). The elderly had higher percentages of risk (15.3%) and medium risk (43.5%). Among illiterate individuals were the prevalence of high risk (9.8%) and medium risk (32.5%). According to the income, those who received more than 2 minimum salaries represent higher proportions at high risk (10.2%) and medium risk (20.5%). The waist circumference among men, the highest risk was observed between those with obesity level 1 (37.5%) and level 2 (33.3%). The same was observed between women in the presence of obesity level 1 and 2, represented high risk respectively 8.5% and 3.4%. The results indicated that the frequencies risk for cardiovascular disease, with high prevalence in urban populations, is similar in rural communities. Reinforces the need to guarantee to the rural population the real conditions of access to health care; greater investment in cardiovascular disease prevention establishes common ways between primary and specialized care, harmonizing procedures and strategies, staring prevention as a task of all; government, scientific societies, media, health professionals with individual responsibility.