Medição de ruídos eletromagnéticos irradiados em sistemas de geração fotovoltaica

Abstract

The each year the electricity demand grows significantly all around the world, demonstrating the need to expand the energy grid. At the same time, there is concern about the environmental impacts caused by the construction of new hydroelectric plants and the use of fossil fuels. In this context, photovoltaic solar power is presented as a great alternative to supply some demands. However, the photovoltaic systems (PVS) have some power quality problems, which can be inserted into the grid or even radiated into the environment. The DC power conversion to AC performed by DC / AC converters in a photovoltaic system (PVS) can generate noise with significant amplitudes in a wide frequency range. This noise is not only conducted from the converters to the panels via cables, but can also be radiated to the environment through these cables, which act as an antenna in the system causing interference in electronic devices, radio devices, or even human. In Brazil there are no specific standards that regulate electromagnetic radiation levels in PVS, much less measurement studies of the radiated noise by these systems, so, it is necessary to establish mechanisms to verify that radiation levels derived from PVS are tolerable. Thus, this study aim is to measure the electric field that is radiated by a PVS to the environment, and to examine whether these fields may have some harmful effect to electronic equipment or the health of individuals that circulate close to these systems. The system used in this work is complementary part of a plant of 1.42 MWp, installed in the soccer stadium Governador Magalhães Pinto (Mineirão), in Belo Horizonte. The results presented in this study show that the operation of the plant generates a significant increase in the electric field level in the environment, especially at frequencies between 1 and 50 MHz, however, this field decreases to the ambient noise level a few meters from the source, not presenting a risk to systems or individuals located in the bleachers of the stadium