Associação de biomarcadores do inflamassoma com reações hansênicas tipo 1

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Leprosy is a chronic disease, neglected, caused by the Mycobacterium leprae. This chronic evolution can be interrupted by episodes of acute inflammation known as leprosy type 1 and 2 reaction. The immunity pattern developed by the host permits resisting to the disease or developing spectral clinic manifestation of leprosy. This spectral pattern has direct relation to the immunity assembled by the host, from the undertanding of the M. leprae by the innate immunity. The leprosy type 1 reaction is the main cause of the incapacity and deformity in the disease, and there is a lack of biomarkers that can predict them. Up on this problem, this study intended to assess the association of inflammasomes biomarkers with leprosy type 1 reaction. Patients and Methods: Observational study, transversal and comparative of the expression of inflammasomes biomarkers in patients with leprosy diagnosed between 2012 and 2015, in a center of reference in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The cases considered were patients with leprosy that developed leprosy type 1 reaction throughout the first year of treatment and, controls, those that did not presented them. The expression of biomarkers was analysed through immunohistochemistry of the skin, biopsied in diagnoses of leprosy. Results: In relation to the inflammatory cellular response, it was observed strong expression of the biomarker NLRP3, in 57,1% of the cases in comparison to 7,7% of the controls. Difference statistically significant, along with the measure of risk significantly higher in this cases of strong expression of NLRP3in cells of the infiltrated dermic inflammatory. Differences in the caspase-1 and 4/5, IL-1 and IL-6 biomarkers were not observed. Conclusion: The NLRP3 can be a potential predictive biomarker of leprosy type 1 reaction at the moment of leprosy diagnoses.