Trabalho e saúde: representações sociais do trabalho infantil na agricultura familiar para agricultores e crianças de um município do Centro-Oeste mineiro

Abstract

The Child labor in family farming requires understanding the meanings that are constructed by the subjects, which determine their attitudes and risk behaviors or health protection. The objective of this research was to investigate the social representations of child labor to family farmers and children in a city in the Midwest Mineiro. To undertake a scientific analysis of the social representations of the phenomenon of child labor, are faced with social relations in rural territory that implies a specific work. We opted for the structuring of the final two papers: (I) Course History of Child Labor in Brazil: Children in family farming, submitted to the journal Studies Society & Agriculture, being a review article of the historical process of child labor in Brazil its political, social and legal, emphasizing child labor on family farms in the prospects of its meaning and material conditions of life. We discussed the particularities of children and adolescents exposed to the work activities in rural areas, where the same are exposed to situations of vulnerability environmental, social and cultural enabling health problems. (II) Social Representations of child labor for children of farmers and family farms in the Midwest of Minas Gerais, which will be submitted to the journal Studies in Psychology (PUC-Campinas) classified as A2 Qualis / CAPES. In it are presented the results and analysis of the interviews and focus groups conducted with farmers and children children (as) these. The specific objectives of the research were to identify the profile of farmers and children participating in the research regarding gender, age, education and type of ownership of the farmers, to describe the social representations that the farmers have on the processes of child labor on family farms; Identify social representations produced by the experience for the child labor phenomenon in view of the children of the family farm. The methodological approach was qualitative analysis, using as a data collection technique for semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The theoretical framework is the Theory of Social Representations. Interviews and focus groups were recorded, transcribed and then analyzed using the method of content analysis. We used the Atlas Ti 7.0 Software for the analysis of primary data. The results pointed to a reality in the design work as "help" and not as child labor. The "help" has the educational children perform activities if they wish. However, no evidence of risk in activities such as "help".