Chlamydia trachomatis e Infertilidade

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis is considered a major pathogen associated with sexually transmitted diseases in the world. It is primarily a pathogen of humans and transmission occurs through unprotected sexual intercourse. The infection with this bacterium has been associated with an increased risk of acquisition of other micro-organisms sexually transmitted including human immunodeficiency virus. This infection rarely presents symptoms, but when present it can be identified after a period of 1-3 weeks after exposure. Pain during urination and mucopurulent or purulent discharge indicate the presence of urethritis in men and cervicitis in women. It is more common in young people and most of thetime. Since the most common is the absence of symptoms it favors the onset or recurrence of the infection and complications such as epididymitis and prostatitis in men, salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and women. As a result of these complications men and women may experience infertility. WHO (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION) data show that the infection remains asymptomatic in 70% of women and 50% men. Studies indicate that this bacterium is associated with a significant number of male or female cases of infertility. The most suitable methods for the laboratory diagnosis is the isolation of bacteria in cell culture, direct immunofluorescence and molecular methods. The treatment is used which is simple 1g of azithromycin and doxycycline 100 mg over a period of seven days. The development of a vaccine against chlamydial genital infection could significantly reduce the impact on public health associated with this infection but for now there is no evidence of a vaccine in the near future.