Da Avenida São João à Avenida Tiradentes: uma análise das representações jornalísticas sobre a reconfiguração dos desfiles carnavalescos da cidade de São Paulo (1967-1977)

Abstract

From the most distinct themes which have done from Festa de Momo (Momos party) its field of research, our interest devotes to the carnival from the city of São Paulo, more specifically to the parades of the samba schools. In the latter months of 1967, proposals aiming the organization of the 1968 carnival were elaborated; due to this, a relationship between the public authorities and the representatives of the carnival entities from São Paulo, including the carnival street bands (Blocos, Ranchos, Cordões) was established. Therefore, the issue of the study leads us to understand: how did these agents position themselves facing the reshuffled of the parades. The study has as its aim to discuss the carnival reconfiguration from the written media representations using periodicals publications: Folha de São Paulo and O Estado de S. Paulo. It was important to note that the written press was not an unbiased organ, leading itself to stand in an ideological way in the political and socio-economic reality in which it was in. Thus, it was necessary to critically analyze these documents both internally and externally. Because it is a historical study, the methodological path uses the discursive approach for the purpose of establishing a broad dialogue with the cultural studies, a fruitful area of cross-curricular investigation able to create, spread and reframe the multiplicity that emerges from the specific nature of each culture. The article selection and analysis were characterized by the use of the word carnival. The gathering of the data starts in 1967, when the parades were rearranged and it finishes in 1977 with the consolidation of the Union of Samba Schools from São Paulo (UESP) as an administrative- representative organ of the association of these parades. Finally, the carnival from São Paulo forming itself by two simultaneous factors at the end of 1960s: a) Administrative activities of the parades these shared between the public authorities and the representative organ of the associations, b) technical-statutory the reshaping which the associations went through raised suspicion from the written press leading to the assumption of the fading of parades in a short time. The softening of this disapproval started to seize from the second half of 1970 and on, when the Rio de Janeiro model was no longer seen as the ideal and at the same time the periodicals, samba dancers and spectators start strengthening the parades from Sao Paulo which have brought results that will echo for decades to come. Therefore, the Capital Sao Paulo being one of the poles of the Brazilian Momos party in the results achieved when arguing this theme we understand that presenting the relations of carnival from the specific universe of the Samba schools from Sao Paulo highlights its historical path, it has become an important challenge, as well as academically it has become an improvement in building up discussion in the fields of knowledge of leisure studies.