As unidades de conservação da natureza e os novos sentidos do lugar: pensando a cotidianidade da população interna ao Parque Natural Municipal do Tabuleiro / MG frente à nova realidade

Abstract

The discussion about the creation of protected areas is growing in Brazil and in the world but often comes with an exclusive concern with the protection of biodiversity and compliance with global protocols, and forget the people who may occupy that area, their perceptions, their sense of place and the changes in their everyday life, which can lead to conflict. Although this scenario is gaining ground in the global and local debates, the creation and management of Brazilian protected areas in many cases, result in material and immaterial losses for the residents present in it. With managers unable to make the land regularization and the expected compensation, what remains are restrictions on daily activities of the residents. This research seeks to reflect on the changes experienced, especially by residents of the Parque Natural Municipal do Tabuleiro (PNMT) located in the town of Conceicao do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais, after the creation of the protected area. To further reflection, we approach Phenomenological studies and environmental perception using reports of the actors involved in order to understand how each of these actors understands and acts on regionally established relationships across the PNMT. We also discuss some concepts - environmental perception, environmental conflict, place, territorial identity and territory - inherent to environmental issues and the geography itself so that they serve as a basis for understanding the context in which this research is inserted. Also, for better contextualization and understanding of current efforts, we bring a historical and conceptual discussion of protected areas in the world and in Brazil, which currently has the SNUC (National System of Nature Conservation Units) as a law that regulates and stimulates the creation of protected areas. Therefore it was possible to perceive the distance between the eyes of the actors involved in relation to aspects of creation, the meaning given, the actions taken and the expectations represented by PNMT, pointing to the critical need to understand the lived-world of domestic populations , in order to contribute both to the protection of biodiversity and to settle the creation of topophobics feelings about the place.