Disfunção na atividade da citocromo c oxidase (Cox) mitocondrial na doença de Alzheimer: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract

Introduction: There is evidence that the impairment of mitochondrial functions may contribute to damages in synapses and neurodegeneration, observed in Alzheimer's disease (A.D.). Neurodegeneration may be related to changes in the activity of mitochondrial enzymes, forming part of the molecular mechanisms that culminate in cell death. The mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (Cox) stands out as being a key enzyme in the cell's energy production process. Objective: To analyze if there is an association between alterations in mitochondrial Cox activity and A.D.. Methods: The Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, Lilacs, Eric and Cochrane databases were used. The inclusion criteria were studies published until 2016, with evaluation of enzyme activity, which: (i) involved human individuals and animal models of A.D. .; (ii) original data, obtained using spectrophotometry, colorimetry and / or polarography methods. The exclusion criteria were studies that: (i) did not evaluate the activity of the enzyme; (ii) were not related to A.D., (iii) data were missing. The data were tabulated in Excel spreadsheets and analyzed by the RevMan program. A random effects model was adopted to the estimative of the effect. Results: 1372 articles were found, 23 of them fit the inclusion criteria.The results were obtained from the data of these 23 articles. The data show a decrease in the activity of the Cox in the group affected by A.D.. Conclusion: We concluded that Cox may represent an important component in the molecular mechanisms underlying AD. This enzyme may represent a possible new biomarker for the disease as it may be a possible treatment target or may be used as another complementary diagnostic method