Eventos adversos relacionados à ventilação mecânica em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica

Abstract

Introduction: Adverse events (AE) are non-intentional damage deriving from assistance and not related to the natural evolution of the basis disease. Many are the events related to the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and the healthcare system must be prepared to face the risks following the exposition of technology in health. Objective: To describe the adverse events/incidents related to mechanical ventilation and associated factors in patients hospitalised in the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital das Clínicas of UFMG (HC/UFMG). Method: This is a cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection, from July 2016 to June 2018. The data was collected from the medical records and registers carried out routinely in the unit by the physiotherapy staff. Demographic, clinical, ventilatory characteristics and the adverse events that occurred were analyzed. Results: A total of 77 adverse events/incidents were found in 66 (21,57%) patients corresponding to 36 events every 1000 days of ventilation. The prevailing AE was postextubation stridor (25.97%). Most of them occurred in the afternoon shift (49.30%) and had mild damage degree (54.55%). There are higher odds of AE/ INC when hospitalization time is equal to or greater than 7 days. The length of hospital stay equal to or greater than seven days influences two times more chances of AE / INC (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The adverse events related to VMI are frequent and as risk factor is hospitalization time. Other studies are necessary to better elucidate the causes of these occurrences, well as the specific prevention measures.